The latest issue of the PLYN journal – 4/2023


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INFORMATIVE ARTICLES

  • Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions
  • What Activities, and with What Results, Is EG.D Pursuing for Reducing Methane Emissions in the Gas Industry?
  • First in the Czech Republic: GasNet Launches bioLNG Sales
  • GasNet Connects the First Wastewater Treatment Plant That Produces Biomethane
  • GreenFlow 1000: From the Idea to Environmentally Friendly Gas Transfer Pumping
  • The Future of Gas Appliances
  • HUTIRA Now Makes the Most Widely Used Domestic Gas Regulators
  • The Czech Gas Industry at Present and in the Future
  • The Reasons for Developing a New ČSN 38 6405 168 Standard
  • Bonett Boosts Its Position in Slovakia; Builds a Third LCNG Large-capacity Station for SPP
  • Looking into History
  • Obituaries

THE CGA‘S ACTIVITIES

  • Looking back at the Autumn Gas Conference 2023

TECHNICAL ARTICLES


Hand in Hand: Gas, Heat, and Electricity Heading for the Future

Pavel Liedermann

Summary: The contribution outlines the gas industry’s possible development over the coming decades. The author seeks to view the whole issue in a broader context. Fundamental changes have been taking place throughout the energy sector in recent years. Frequently, seminal conclusions are being communicated unsupported by any deeper analysis, and various unchangeable assumptions and factors are being used for further development scenarios. The markets are expected to be operational and all the existing and/or forthcoming legislation is expected to apply without any problems. However, the reality of global developments is different and it is turning out that it is advisable to work also with the options that were earlier regarded as extremely unlikely.

Key words: Natural gas, hydrogen, biomethane, coal substitute, combined cycle power plants

Hydrogen & Natural Gas Blends as Fuels for High-temperature Processes

Lukáš Lasota

Summary: Hydrogen is currently regarded as a tool for decarbonising what otherwise can be the high-temperature processes that can be decarbonised only with difficulties. In terms of thermal technology, hydrogen combustion has brought new challenges in research, development and application. The state-of-the-art in technology and the latest knowledge in these areas suggest the option of injecting hydrogen into gas systems and using hydrogen blended with natural gas to decarbonise the latter. In respect of high-temperature processes, the impact of hydrogen contained in natural gas on the combustion process must be examined in physical and economic terms. The completely different combustion characteristics of the new blend of gaseous fuels must be taken into account and flexible combustion systems must be designed accordingly. Hydrogen’s NCV is approximately one-third that of natural gas and the thermal input must therefore be compensated for by a larger quantity of the fuel. Oxy-fuel combustion is also very attractive for hydrogen in terms of efficiency since it helps to reduce the rated fuel consumption considerably.

Key words: Hydrogen, natural gas, oxygen, high-temperature processes, oxy-fuel combustion, decarbonisation

Risk of Hydrogen Embrittlement in Natural Gas & Hydrogen Blends

Klára Kuchťáková, Darya Rudomilova, Václav Šefl, Tomáš Prošek

Summary: Research into hydrogen embrittlement of steel materials is an integral part of studying the existing gas system’s hydrogen readiness for future hydrogen blending into natural gas as part of the transition to a net-zero energy sector. Hydrogen embrittlement is associated with a deterioration of steels’ mechanical properties due to their interaction with absorbed atomic hydrogen. Depending on the steel’s microstructure and the properties of the surrounding environment, a critical amount of hydrogen can be absorbed and eventually cause a failure of mechanically stressed steel components through brittle fracture. Therefore, to ensure the safe compatibility of the gas system with a natural gas & hydrogen blend, the interaction between pressurised natural gas & hydrogen and the mechanical properties of steels of different grades must be understood. It will then be possible to determine the conditions under which hydrogen can be added to the existing system and/or to identify the parts that need to be upgraded. This contribution introduces research carried out at Technopark Kralupy of The University of Chemistry and Technology in Prague (VŠCHT Praha) in cooperation with Gas Storage CZ, the Institute of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, and SVÚM, a.s., a research organisation. This project’s objective is to develop a practical tool for assessing the risk of hydrogen embrittlement of steels in the gas system based on experimental research.

Key words: Hydrogen, natural gas, hydrogen embrittlement, steels

INTERVIEW


Martin Václavek, Chairman, the COGEN Czech Board

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